Printing ink



Patented Mar. 1 947v Dominic J. Bernardi Bronx, N. Y., assigno ration, New York, N.

and Robert '1. Florence, rs to Interchemical Corpo- Y., a corporation of Ohio No Drawing. Application March 9, 1944, Serial No. 525,768

3 Claims.

This invention relates'to printing inks of the conventional oxidizing type, and refers particularly to printing inks in which the conventional linseed oil is substituted all or .which has been reacted with lime.

Conventional typographic and lithographic printing inks are essentiallyfine dispersions of pigment in drying oils such as linseed oil. Many suggestions have been made in an attempt to reduce the cost of these inks without sacrificing their good qualities, and likewise many attempts have been made to overcome some of the dimculty encountered with these inks in various uses. One such improvement is described in our copending application Serial No. 492,310, filed June 25, 1943, which discloses the use of pentaerythritol esters of tall oil as the vehicle for a printing ink.

We have now discovered that tall oil reacted with lime, and preferably mixed. with a minor percentage of linseed or other drying oil, produces vehicles for printing inks which are characterized by low cost, satisfactory drying as compared with linseed oil, and excellent prin'tability.

The tall oil may be reacted with lime inconventional fashion, by heating either the tall oil alone, or a solution of it in a hydrocarbon solvent, with hydrated lime, agent. Preferably, the temperature is raised to 180 to 200 C., and the'lime gradually added, after which the temperature is allowed to rise to 225 to 250 0., and the mass held until the'lime is completely reacted. In th indicated range, reaction is complete in 5 to 6 hours.

The product resulting from the reaction will vary in body, increasing with the amount of lime used, and with the resin content of the tall' 011,

which varies somewhat depending on source. At

least 2% of lime is which will dry at all in printing ink;

necessary to get a product comparably with linseed oil preferably, the amount of hydrated lime used should be between about 4 and 7% of the weight of the tall oil. Ordinarily, the limed tall oils so produced are somewhat too heavy in body for use as the sole liquid constitu.. cuts of a printing ink; it is necessary to reduce their body with a minor percentage oflinseed or other drying oil.

- The calcium used may be replaced in part by zinc or barium, but these metals do not give satisfactory soaps alone. If 2% of lime is present in the soap, however, the residual metal maybe substltuted. v

Example 1 a typical of the eflect oi the constitution of in part by tall 011 or with any equivalent liming The viscosities of the C., and heating reaction for 5 to 6 hours. three soaps varied as follows:

1 Ratlio a thin dtrying or necessary 0 ge Tall oil ofapproximately 20 poise viscosity at Poms Low resin acid content 121 85 soap-15 oil. Medium resin acid content 217 80 soap-2O oil. High resin acid content 1.200 71.5 soap-28.5 oll.

Example 2 With 4% of lime, and a low resin acid tall oil, reacted as in Example 1, a product is obtained which has a viscosity of' only 60 poises at 30 0. While this is still somewhat high for printing ink, "it can be used for; very high body inks. Preferably, it is reduced to relatively thin'body with a drying oil. Thus Example 3 A varnish Was made by blending 80 parts by weight of the 4% limed tall oil of Example 2 and 20 parts by weight acid refined linseed oil. The product had a viscosity of 10 poises at 30 C.

The linseed oil can be replaced by other drying oils, such as perilla oil, walnut oil, and the like.

Inks made from this identical body, were prepared as follows;

ExampleL-Black Parts by weight Carbon black 25.0 Cobalt drier- I 4.5 v Tall oil varnish of Example 3 70.5

The ink made with the limed tall oil varnish of Example 3 dried in 8 ink dried in 7 hours.

Example 5-Red' Parts by weight The ink made with the limed tall oil varnish of Example 3 dried in 9 hours, while the linseed ink dried in 10 hours.

the lime while allowvarnish,.and linseed oil of hours, while the linseed beemployed. Varying tially reduced with no oil reacted with from 2 Example 6--Yellow Parts by weight Chrome yellow 60.0 Alumina hydrate 10.0 Paste drier 6.0

Tall oil varnish of Example 3 24.0

The ink made with the limed tall oil varnish of Example 3 dried in 6 hours, while the linseed ink dried in 6 hours.

It will be noted that the black ink made with the limed tall oil varnish dried a trifle slower than linseed; the red dried faster, and the yellow dried q lly.

' Obviously, the examples can be multiplied in-' definitely without departing from the vscope of the invention. In particular, other pigments may soaps of varying body may be used. Obviously, other common modifying agents used in minor proportions in oxidizing printing inks may be used-e. g. waxes, surface active agents, the common lubricants and greases, solvents and the like. We consider that our invention resides in the discovery that the cost of oxidizing printing inks-e. g. those made with linseed and other drying oils-can be substanprintability, by the substitution or limed tall oil for the linseed or other drying oil as the major loss in drying speed or 2. A printing ink or theoxidizing type, which normally contains a drying oil as its major vehicular constituent, comprising pigment dispersed in a vehicle, the major constituent of which is tall oil reacted with from 2 to 7% of its weight of hydrated lime, the ink being characterized by drying speed and printability approximating that of similar inks in which the limed tall oil is replaced by linseed oil.

3.A printing ink of the oxidizin type, which normally contains a drying oil as its major vehicular constituent, comprising pigment dispersed in a vehicle, the major constituent of which is tall oil reacted with from 2 to 7% of its weight of hydrated lime, and a minor constituent of which is a drying oil substantially thinner in body than the limed tall'oil, to reduc the viscosity of the vehicle, the ink being characterized by drying speed and printability approximating that of similar inks in which the limed tall oil -is replaced by linseed oil.

'DOMINIC J. BERNARDI.

ROBERT T. FLORENCE.

REFERENCES crrnn The following references are of record in the ille of this patent:

' UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Stresen-Reuter et al. Oct. 10, 1939 Curado June 14, 1938 OTHER. REFERENCES "Application of Tall Oil in the Paint Industry"I-Iastings, American Paint Journal, vol, 28, No. 3, Oct. 1943, pages 42, 46, 48 and 50.

-Oil' Substitutes for Exterior Paints," Oil, Paint and Drug Reporter, March 8, 1943, pagesfi and 46.

Number 

